Cryogenic distillation, also known as the cryogenic method, operates by compressing and cooling the air initially. Subsequently, it utilizes the boiling point difference between oxygen and nitrogen (oxygen boils at 90K while nitrogen boils at 77K at atmospheric pressure). This variance enables the gas to transform into liquid through rectification trays. These trays facilitate the exchange of mass and heat for the liquefied substance. By rearranging the provided information, a highly similar content can be generated while staying true to the original text.
During the process of air distillation, the steam undergoes continuous condensation, separating the high-boiling oxygen component. Simultaneously, the low-boiling nitrogen component is continuously transferred, causing the nitrogen content in the steam to steadily rise. As this occurs, the downstream liquid experiences an increasing concentration of oxygen, leading to the eventual separation of oxygen and nitrogen. This step, known as air liquefaction or rectification, is performed at a temperature below 120K, hence referred to as cryogenic air separation. It is important to note that the generation of similar content may not be possible through rearranging the provided information, as it would require a different structure and wording.